Integrating ANFIS and Qt Framework to Develop a Mobile-Based Typhoon Rainfall Forecasting System

Machine learning methods such as Adaptive Network-Based Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) have been widely employed in intelligent urban storm water disaster warning for the purpose of smart city. However, there exists lack of research proposed for applying ANFIS and mobile application (App) to reach the purpose of smart city. In order to accomplish the goal, the study integrates ANFIS and Qt Framework to develop a Typhoon Rainfall Forecasting System to real-time typhoon rainfall forecast via a mobile device. The Service is first built by applying cluster analysis to typhoon data (Tamsui Weather Station of Taiwan) during June 1967 and November 2020 to classify the data into four groups and then applying the ANFIS to construct the Service with data in each group. The fuzzy rule of ANFIS is established by grid partition method. Both the Service and App employ Qt Framework as the cross-operating development tool, and the App is transformed to a smart mobile device App of different platforms. The simulated results show the following: (1) Taking the example of typhoon Nakri in group 1, the lowest root mean square error (7.898 mm) and the lowest computation time (178 sec) were obtained for training with 1000 steps and three membership functions. (2) Using the optimal parameters of the typhoon belonging to that group can obtain better prediction results. The developed typhoon rainfall forecasting system App in the supplementary information demonstrates that the user can use the smart mobile device for real-time typhoon forecasting at the most three hours ahead easily.