Development of New Correlations and Parametric Optimization in Nanofluid Flow through Protruded Roughened Square Channel

This study discusses the optimization of heat-transfer parameters in nanofluid flow through a rough square surface channel including a protruded rib compound transverse pattern using response surface methodology (RSM). Flow and geometrical characteristics are optimized, resulting in optimal flow friction and heat transfer performances. The comparison of RSM’s estimated values to experimentally observed values was abandoned. The results demonstrate that the RSM-calculated values agree with the observed values and are within the 5.5 percent uncertainty limitations. Statistical correlations for Nusselt number and friction factor have been developed as functions of protrusion transverse rib height, protrusion transverse rib diameter, X-axis pitch, Y-axis pitch, and Reynolds number. These correlations have been found to predict the values within the error limits of ±8.9% and ±8.7%, respectively. On the basis of correlations developed for Nusselt number and friction factor, an attempt has been made to compare the thermohydraulic performance of protruded roughened square channel.