Midstream on a chip: ensuring safe carbon dioxide transportation for carbon capture and storage

Emerging technologies like enhanced oil recovery and carbon sequestration rely on carbon dioxide water content data to ensure that pipelines remain sub-saturated to avoid corrosion and hydrate flow assurance issues. To improve throughput and confidence in the hydrate phase equilibria data to avoid pipeline blockages, further research into the carbon dioxide water content must be conducted. However, the liquid carbon dioxide regime is experimentally difficult to study and the available data disagree between studies. This work aims to provide the critical and accurate data for liquid carbon dioxide for a high pressure range (13.8 to 103.4 bar) and temperature range (20 and −30 °C) utilizing a small volume microfluidic reactor (