Mathematical Model of the Operation of Adiabatic Calorimetric Meters of Energy Flows of Particle Beams in the Dynamic Mode

A detailed analysis of the mathematical model of the adiabatic calorimeter is presented. An unsteady solution of the corresponding heat equation is presented and its features are considered. Two definitions of the response time of an adiabatic calorimeter operating, generally speaking, in a nonstationary mode are proposed. The question of determining the sensitivity of an adiabatic calorimeter is considered. Based on these definitions, a solution to the problem of the optimal choice of the material of the receiving plate in terms of the ratio of sensitivity and response time is proposed. Comparisons are made with some published experimental and theoretical results. The results obtained in this study can be used in the development and design of calorimetric systems for the diagnostics of beams of fast neutral particles.