β-sheet breaker peptide prevents Aβ-induced spatial memory impairments with partial reduction of amyloid deposits

Current evidence supports the notion that β -amyloid deposits or A β intermediates may be responsible for the pathogenesis in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. In the present work, we have assessed the neuroprotective effect of the chronic intraperitoneal administration of a five-amino-acid β -sheet breaker peptide (iA β 5p) on the rat behavioral deficit induced by the intrahippocampal A β -fibrils injection. At 1 month after the injection, animals showed a partial reduction of the amyloid deposits formed and a decreased astrocytic response around the injection site. More importantly, we report that following the iA β 5p treatment, hippocampal-dependent spatial learning paradigms, including the standard Morris water maze and a working memory analysis, showed a significant prevention from impairments induced by A β deposits in the dorsal hippocampus. Thus, it is possible that a noninvasive treatment such as the one presented here with β -sheet breaker peptides may be used as a potential therapy for AD patients.