Thermal latent and Low-Temperature polymerization of a Bio-Benzoxazine resin from natural renewable chrysin and furfurylamine

[Display omitted] •A novel chrysin and furfurylamine based mono-benzoxazine has been successfully synthesized.•The newly obtained mono-benzoxazine shows thermal latent polymerization processes.•The resulting polybenzoxazine shows higher thermal stability than most reported thermosets derived from mono-benzoxazines.•The bio-polybenzoxazine exhibits excellent flame retardancy in terms of low HRC and THR values. A novel bio-benzoxazine thermosetting resin (CHR-fa) showing low-temperature polymerization feature has been synthesized from renewable chrysin and furfurylamine. The structure of CHR-fa has been confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies and elemental analysis. The involved intramolecular hydrogen bond between the phenolic hydroxyl and carbonyl group in CHR-fa is identified as an essential structural characteristic for investigating its thermal latent catalyzed polymerization behavior. The resulting polybenzoxazine coating derived from CHR-fa exhibits high hydrophobicity with a water contact angle of 97.1°. In addition, the polybenzoxazine based on this biobased mono-benzoxazine shows a high thermal stability with a 10 wt% loss temperature of 366 °C, a high char yield of 48% (800 °C, N2), and a very low heat release capacity of 43.3 J/(g K). The combined advantages developed in the current study highlight the potential of bio-based mono-benzoxazine as thermosetting resin matrix for producing high-performance materials.