Transient lithium metal plating on graphite: Operando 7Li nuclear magnetic resonance investigation of a battery cell using a novel RF probe

Transient lithium metal plating on graphite: Operando 7Li nuclear magnetic resonance investigation of a battery cell using a novel RF probe

The development of optimal fast charging protocols requires detailed information regarding lithium inventory in a battery. We built a parallel-plate resonator RF probe and a cartridge-type single layer cell of improved designs. The probe has excellent sensitivity and homogeneity of electromagnetic f...

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Veröffentlicht in:Carbon (New York) 2022-04, Vol.189, p.377-385
Hauptverfasser: Sanders, Kevin J., Aguilera, Andrés Ramírez, Keffer, Jacob R., Balcom, Bruce J., Halalay, Ion C., Goward, Gillian R.
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
Schlagworte:
Batteries
Cartridges
Charging
Dendritic structure
Dilution
Electromagnetic fields
Electromagnetism
Graphite
Homogeneity
Lithium
Lithium isotopes
Multiplexing
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Nuclear safety
Phases
Plating
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Zusammenfassung:The development of optimal fast charging protocols requires detailed information regarding lithium inventory in a battery. We built a parallel-plate resonator RF probe and a cartridge-type single layer cell of improved designs. The probe has excellent sensitivity and homogeneity of electromagnetic field, while the cartridge allows easy cell assembly, straight-forward multiplexing, and excellent cell-to-cell data reproducibility. Herein we present our findings from operando 7Li NMR measurements on a graphite//NMC622 cell. The usual/expected sequencing of LixC6 phases from dilute to concentrated observed during charging at low (
ISSN:0008-6223
1873-3891
DOI:10.1016/j.carbon.2021.12.082