Capsule aerodynamics and shock-wave boundary layer interaction (SBLI) in supersonic and transonic flow

Static force and moment measurements are performed on the MarcoPolo-R aero shape in the trisonic wind tunnel TMK. The static stability behaviour of the capsule is characterized in the Mach number range 0.5 ≤ M ≤ 3.5 reproducing the Mach and Reynolds conditions of the flight trajectory in the supersonic regime. An aerodynamic database is built based on the experimental results. The flow structure around the capsule is visualised in supersonic tests by means of schlieren imaging. Under certain conditions, development of a complex shock system on the leeward side of the inclined capsule is observed. Oil film technique is used to visualise boundary layer phenomena in connection to this shock system. Numerical simulations with the DLR TAU code are performed to support the interpretation of the flow phenomena under these conditions. Graphical abstract Schlieren imaging visualisation of density gradients in supersonic flow. Depending on the test conditions and angle of incidence, a complex shock system is observed on the leeward side of the inclined capsule. Analysis of the shock structure and its impact on aerodynamic coefficients is one subject of the present investigation.