Integration of the Trombe Wall into Rural Residential Buildings in Climatic Conditions of Uzbekistan

In Uzbekistan, the government plans to increase investment in rural housing and infrastructure. In 2021, under the state mortgage program, it is planning to build 45 000 houses, which is twice more than last year, of which 12 000 are in rural regions. Along with the projected growth in new construction, a corresponding increase in energy consumption in the residential sector is expected by 30% by 2050, which will pose a threat to energy security and an increase in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions at the global level. Strengthening minimum energy performance (MEP) standards for buildings, and ensuring compliance with them, as stricter energy standards are introduced in Construction Standards and Regulations (CSRs) for new housing in rural areas, will provide the rural population of Uzbekistan with improved and affordable living conditions that are not harmful to the environment, ensuring the reduction of the corresponding GHG emissions. The newest revision of the CNRs on the above issues was carried out by the Ministry of Construction of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the period of 2018–2019, regarding residential buildings, in order to strengthen the requirements for energy consumption and improve the regulatory framework for CNRs for the development of construction of energy efficient housing throughout the Republic of Uzbekistan. This event has a significant impact on both the economic sector and the social sphere in terms of improving the living standards of the population of the republic by increasing the requirements for energy efficiency and ecological safety construction sites and ensuring MEP standards in buildings. In this study, for the first time, the potential of using the Trombe wall for rural residential buildings in the climatic conditions of Uzbekistan is assessed. For this purpose, we studied the heat load of a one-story three-room typical residential building. It was determined by calculation that due to the use of the Trombe wall in a building belonging to the type of passive solar heating systems, the thermal loads of the building heating system are reduced. The studies were carried out for five characteristic climatic regions of Uzbekistan. Preliminary results of calculating the heat load of a typical three-room residential building with three different levels of thermal protection for the climatic zones under consideration show the possibility of saving primary energy resources for the needs of building heating systems from 9 to 34%. At