Economic performance assessment of elemental sulfur recovery with carbonate melt desulfurization process

[Display omitted] This study develops an elemental sulfur recovery (ESR) process from sulfur dioxide (SO2) as a hazardous material removed from flue gas emitted at thermal coal-fired power plants with a carbonate melt flue gas desulfurization (CMFGD) process. The carbonyl sulfide (COS) generated as a byproduct after removing SO2 from flue gas using carbonate melt in the CMFDG is utilized as a resource to produce elemental sulfur by applying the hydrolysis and Claus processes in the ESR process. In addition, to increase energy independence in the integrated CMFGD-ESR process, heat integration was applied by introducing new heat exchanger networks that utilize the waste heat in the proposed process. The levelized cost of the integrated CMFGD-ESR process was determined to be US$ 811 per ton SO2 removed; from this result, the proposed process to remove hazardous material from flue gas emitted at thermal coal-fired power plants is economically benign compared to conventional SO2 removal processes (US$ 500 ~ US$ 1200 per ton SO2 removed), which use limestone as the raw material.