Organic Electrochemical Transistors: An Emerging Technology for Biosensing

Recent research demonstrates the viability of organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) as an emergent technology for biosensor applications. Herein, a comprehensive summary is provided, highlighting the significant progress and most notable advances within the field of OECT‐based biosensors. The working principles of an OECT are detailed, with specific attention given to the current library of organic mixed ionic‐electronic conductor (OMIEC) channel materials utilized in OECT biosensors. The application of OECTs for metabolite, ion, neuromorphic, electrophysiological, and virus sensing as well as immunosensing is reported, detailing the breadth and scope of OECT‐based biosensors. Furthermore, an outlook and perspective on synthetic molecular design of future channel materials, specifically designed for OECT biosensors, is provided. The development of optimized channel materials, creative device architectures, and operational nuances will set the stage for OECT‐based biosensors to thrive and accelerate their clinical prevalence in the near future. This review highlights the viability of organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) as an emergent technology for biosensing. It summarizes metabolite, ion, neuromorphic, immunosensing, pathogen, and electrophysiological OECT sensors, including a perspective on synthetic molecular design of future channel materials. The development of optimized channel materials, creative device architectures, and operational nuances will allow OECT‐based biosensors to accelerate their clinical prevalence.