3D printed bio polymeric materials as a new perspective for wound dressing and skin tissue engineering applications: a review

The skin is responsible for several necessary physiological activities and plays a prominent role in wound healing. Advanced wound healing requires the use of skin tissue engineering. It was developed primarily to address the difficulties associated with using traditional wound dressings when scars become inflamed or infected. In this way, 3D printing is a unique technology that has attracted an excellent deal of attention within the health profession. This technology improves the ability to combine various medications and proteins with the engineered microstructures of printed products. The advent of 3D printing offers exciting new possibilities for traditional wound dressings to heal broken skin with this new technique. Reconstruction of the skin can be attempted with a specially designed hydrogel with loaded drugs for advanced wound healing. Therefore, this technology can cause a dramatic reduction in the risk of infection and inflammation in wounds. This study comprehensively reviews the latest achievements in polymer 3D printing for wound dressings and skin tissue engineering. Commercially available 3D printing technologies are also explained and these technologies were compared for the wound dressing fabrication.