Preparation of LaMnO3/TiO2/NGP composites for methylene blue dye removal via adsorption and photosonocatalysis

In this study, LaMnO3/TiO2/nanographene platelet (NGP) composites with different loadings (3, 5, and 10 wt.%) of NGP were successfully synthesized by co-precipitation. The as-prepared composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. The XRD patterns confirmed the combination of the desired nanoparticles. The Raman spectra of the LaMnO3/TiO2/NGP composites revealed the D-and G-band structures of NGP. Furthermore, the composites were investigated for the degradation of methylene blue (MB) via adsorption and photosonocatalysis. The maximum degradation of MB via adsorption was achieved at 10 wt.% NGP loading in LaMnO3/TiO2/NGP, whereas for photosonocatalysis, the maximum degradation of MB was observed at 5 wt.% NGP loading. In addition, the pseudo-first-order and second-order adsorption kinetic models and the effect of scavengers on photosonocatalysis were evaluated.