Boosting photocatalytic hydrogen evolution of g-C3N4 catalyst via lowering the Fermi level of co-catalyst

The photocatalytic performances are highly dependent on the charge separation and surface reaction kinetics of photocatalysts. Aiming at figuring out the effects of co-catalyst with the lower Fermi level on photocatalytic activity, we tuned the Fermi level of Pt nanoparticles on g-C 3 N 4 (GCN) by introducing Co atom. Experimental results show that lowering the Fermi level of co-catalyst does not alter light absorption of GCN due to the invariable structure. Besides, Pt 3 Co with a lower Fermi level contributes less positive influence on charge separation in GCN due to an opposite effect from the stronger electron-trap ability of Pt 3 Co and increased band bending in GCN-Pt 3 Co. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that GCN-Pt 3 Co has faster surface reaction kinetics than GCN-Pt, owing to easier dissociation of H 2 O molecules and faster desorption of H* on Pt 3 Co. Consequently, GCN-Pt 3 Co exhibits an excellent H 2 evolution rate with 2.91 mmol·g −1 ·h −1 , which 2.67 times that of GCN-Pt.