The dynamics of household food consumption patterns in various agroecosystems in Indonesia

Household food consumption patterns are influenced by income, price, individual tastes and beliefs, and socioeconomic aspects. Agricultural development has an impact on changing consumption patterns. The changes vary according to different ecosystems. The purpose of this study is to analyze the dynamics of household consumption patterns in various ecosystems and their implications for agricultural policies. This study used panel data from the National Farmers Panel period of 2007/2009-2016/2018 from the Indonesian Center for Agro Socio Economic and Policy Studies in four ecosystems, namely rice paddy fields, dry-land secondary crops, dry-land vegetable crops, and dry-land plantation crops. The discussion of consumption patterns is focused on energy and protein consumption, PPH score, and consumer participation rate. The results showed that during 2010-2018, energy and protein consumption increased, however, the pattern of change varies among households. The energy and protein consumption level are only about 77-86% from the level of recommendation ≥90%. Households’ consumption of protein in plantation ecosystem is lowest compared to other ecosystem. The level of household rice consumption was the highest, compared to other carbohydrate sources. PPH of agricultural households was lower than the national in the four agroecosystems. To increase the consumption of energy, protein and PPH scores of agricultural households in various agroecosystems in Indonesia, it is necessary to increase the availability and access of agricultural households to non-rice carbohydrate sources and protein source foods by optimizing the potential of local resources. Coordination and synchronization of food security improvement programs between central and local governments is important.