Propagation of ULF Radiation from an Artificial Ionospheric Source in a 3D Inhomogeneous MHD Waveguide

We analyze the propagation of electromagnetic waves of the ultralow-frequency (ULF) range emitted by an artificial ionospheric source arising in the ionospheric F region affected by high-power modulated HF radiation from the HAARP heater (62°23′ N, 143°03′ W). The possibility of the ULF wave propagation over long distances from such a source in the ionospheric inhomogeneous magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waveguide with the subsequent reaching of the altitudes of the E region and then coming to the Earth’s surface is shown within the framework of the ray tracing approximation. Two groups of rays exiting from the MHD waveguide into the E region were distinguished: one group emerges at a distance of about 400–500 km from the source and the second, at significant distances at the center of the Pacific Ocean, which is consistent with the results of an experiment on long-range detection of artificial ULF signals.