MATURE EMBRYO CULTURE IN BARLEY (Hordeum vulgare L.) UNDER DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF SODIUM AZIDE

The present study was performed to determine the effects of different genotypes and concentrations of sodium azide on callus formation and plant regeneration from endosperm supported mature embryo derived calli of barley. Callus formation of endosperm supported mature embryos of two barley genotype were cultured in MS medium with five different concentrations of sodium azide (NaN3) (0, 10-4, 10-3, 10-2, and 10-1 mM). Results revealed that the main effects of both genotypes, sodium azide concentrations and their interactions on callus and embriogenic callus development and regeneration were significant or highly significant, suggesting that genotypes responded differently to the different sodium azide concentrations. The application of sodium azide application decreased the callus induction rate, eembriogeniccallus rate, responded eembryogeniccallus rate and regeneration efficiency. When evaluating the concentrations based on the averages, the highest regeneration efficiency and responded eembryogeniccallus rate were obtained at 10-1 mM and 10-4 mM concentrations, respectively, compared with the control. The highest callus induction rate (81.12%) in Akar genotype and the highest regeneration efficiency (1.99 plants) were observed in Olgun genotype.