Darcy–Forchheimer flow of Cu–water nanofluid over a vertical sheet owing to solar radiation

An evaluation of the flow characteristic of Cu nanoparticle-based nanofluid natural convective drift along a vertical plane sheet in a Darcy–Forchheimer porous medium coexistent with solar radiation and the transverse magnetic field was done. Nonlinear PDEs, subject to their conformable boundary conditions, are incorporated into a system of nonlinear ODEs. The influence of relevant parameters on temperature and velocity distributions has been shown using tables and graphs. This investigation shows that both fluid velocity and temperature are enhanced by porosity and inertia parameters. Again, heat transfer rate is increased with increase in porosity and magnetic field parameters.