Holography, 1-form symmetries, and confinement

We study confinement in 4d N = 1 SU (N) Super-Yang Mills (SYM) from a holographic point of view, focusing on the 1-form symmetry and its relation to chiral symmetry breaking (χSB). We identify the topological couplings in the 5d truncation of the Klebanov-Strassler solution that determine the 1-form symmetry and its 't Hooft anomalies. One coupling is a mixed 0-/1-form symmetry anomaly related to χSB in gapped confining vacua. In the gravity dual we also identify the infrared 4d topological field theory which realizes χ SB and matches the mixed anomaly. Finally, complementing this, we derive the chiral and mixed anomalies from the little string theory realization of pure SYM.