X-ray photoelectron study of Si+ ion implanted polymers

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to characterize different polymer materials implanted with low energy Si+ ions (E=30 keV, D= 1.1017 cm−2). Two kinds of polymers were studied – ultra-high-molecular-weight poly-ethylene (UHMWPE), and poly-methyl-methacrylate (PMMA). The non-implanted polymer materials show the expected variety of chemical bonds: carbon-carbon, carbon being three- and fourfold coordinated, and carbon-oxygen in the case of PMMA samples. The X-ray photoelectron and Raman spectra show that Si+ ion implantation leads to the introduction of additional disorder in the polymer material. The X-ray photoelectron spectra of the implanted polymers show that, in addition to already mentioned bonds, silicon creates new bonds with the host elements – Si-C and Si-O, together with additional Si dangling bonds as revealed by the valence band study of the implanted polymer materials.