Glycerol as a key reactant in the production of 3-hydroxypropanoic acid using engineered microbes

In this paper, we have described the production of 3-Hydroxypropanoic acid using glycerol as a key intermediate in the presence of engineered microbes. 3-hydroxypropanoic acid (3-HP) is an important interface chemical that is in great need around the world. 3-HP can be generated from a variety of renewable energy sources. Acrylic acid and its several derivatives are made from it as a starting material 3-hydroxypropanoic acid (3-HP) is a highly sought-after platform chemical, used in bioplastics in their polymerized state. Many microbes naturally have biosynthetic pathways for producing 3-HP, and some of these pathways have been inserted into commonly used cell factories like Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli. Recent advances in synthetic biology and metabolic engineering have resulted in more effective methods for bio-production of 3-HP. Among them are novel methods for implementing heterologous pathways, rational enzyme engineering, precise gene expression control, carbon flux redirection based on in silico predictions from genome- scale metabolic models, and fermentation state optimization. Despite extensive research into 3-HP production in existing industrially applicable cell factories, modern production methods have not yet achieved the standards required for commercialization. In this paper, we compare yields and titers obtained in various microbial cell factories, as well as possible methods for achieving industrially important cell factories, to assess the current state of 3-HP bio-production.