Accommodating "Neutral Dreams" in Liberal States: Responding to Consciously and Religiously Motivated Challenges in Multicultural Public Education

In the last few decades, the influx of newcomers has considerably affected the prevailing form of social integration and cooperation in liberaldemocratic states. Although these changing demographics have led to extensive, progressive contributions, they have also exposed some significant challenges confronting the organization of public space. In particular, the relationship between religion and public education has become even more complicated and discriminatory. In response, states must find an efficient constitutional model or policy strategy that will entirely, equally, or reasonably accommodate or exclude all competing religious and non-religious conceptions of the good in public education. However, it has always been a concern that some reasonable conceptions of the good may remain at a disadvantage in the public space. However, it would be difficult to evaluate the sincerity requirement without examining whether a belief plays a functionally fundamental role in the life of a claimant, transcending a mere sense of duty or obedience to constitute a sense of consciousness.