Conflicting Or Synergistic Interaction Between Tourism And Marine Protected Areas In Lembongan Island

Lembongan Island designted as marine protected areas with the Decree of the Minister of Marine Affairs and Fisheries of the Republic of Indonesia Number 24 concerning the Nusa Penida Marine Protected Area of Klungkung Regency in the Province of Bali in 2014. The conservation area is utilized for marine tourism, sustainable fishery, environmentally-friendly aquaculture, social economics research and development, and other sustainable marine resources utilization. Lembongan Island has coral reefs, mangrove forests, white sand, and beaches are a major attraction for tourists. An increase in the number of tourist visits has a direct or indirect impact on coral reef ecosystems. This study aims to determine the relationship between tourism activities and coral reef ecosystems. the study was conducted on Lembongan Island from 2015 to 2018. The study used the manta tow survey method, line itercept transect, questionnaires, interviews and analyzed using SWOT. Research shows that tourism activities have the effect of reducing the quantity and quality of coral reef ecosystems. Co-management of coral reef management by involving all stakeholders can minimize the decline in the quantity and quality of coral reef ecosystems.