Antioxidant and Biological Activities of Novel Structured Monoacylglycerol Derivatives with Phenolic Acids

Novel structured monoacylglycerol (MAG)‐based phenolic lipids are synthesized from11‐bromoundecanoic acid, phenolic acids, and solketal. Selected phenolic acids namely 4‐hydroxy benzoic, vanillic, syringic, cinnamic, p‐coumaric, sinapic, 4‐fluorocinnamic, 4‐hydroxyphenyl acetic acid, 3‐(4‐hydroxyphenyl) propanoic and dihydrocaffeic acids are employed for the synthesis of ten novel MAG‐based phenolic lipids. The synthesized phenolic lipids are characterized by FT‐IR, NMR, and mass spectra analysis. All the compounds are evaluated for antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activities. MAG derivative 8g of sinapic acid exhibits excellent antioxidant activity in both DPPH assay and inhibition of lipid oxidation assay. MAG derivative 8f bearing p‐coumaric acid shows good antimicrobial activity against both Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacterial strains with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 6.25 µm mL−1. All the synthesized compounds are found to exhibit cytotoxicity against B16, DU145, and CHO cell lines, while sinapic and p‐coumaric acid derivatives exhibit better activities compared to other derivatives. Novel structured monoacylglycerol derivatives with phenolic acids are synthesized in a chemo‐enzymatic route. They demonstrate excellent antioxidant activity and can serve as amphiphilic antioxidants and potential bioactives. Immobilized Candida antarctica is an effective biocatalyst for the key transesterification step.