Mid-Upper-Arm Circumference (MUAC) as Alternative for Estimating Body Mass Index (BMI)

Background/Aims: BMI is one of parameters as marker for malnutrition in adults. People with obstacles that cannot be weighed and measured require alternative parameters. MUAC is an alternative parameter to assess nutritional status that is easy, simple, and can be done in supine position. The aim of this study was performed to analyze the relationship between BMI and MUAC and derive regression equation formula to estimate BMI from MUAC. Methods: This study was performed in a University in Indonesia (n = 303, aged = 19–29 years). Weight (Wt) and Height (Ht) was measured in standing position. MUAC was measured in left arm with supine position. Pearson product moment analysis was used to analyze correlation between BMI and MUAC. Linear regression analysis was used to develop equation to estimate BMI from MUAC. The equation was evaluated by using BlandAltman analysis. Results: There was significant correlation between BMI and MUAC (r = 0.913; p < 0.0001). The regression equation formula to estimate BMI = 1.113 MUAC – 5.908 (R2 = 0.83, SEE = 1.89). The limit of agreement were ±3.7 kg/m2. Conclusion: When it is not possible to measure Wt and Ht in standing position for calculating BMI, MUAC can be used as alternative measurement for estimating BMI.