Criteria for the Choice of the Optimal Desalination Systems of Sea Water for the Crimean Region

The article deals with the problem of choosing the optimum desalination system for seawater for the Crimean region. Criteria are proposed for choosing the optimal method of desalination - "study and reliability", "geographic", "industrial application", "economic", "electricity consumption", "environmental safety" and others. Criterion "study and authenticity" means that the method must be well studied and applied in practice (therefore, the methods of desalination not introduced in production are not accepted). Criterion "geographical" takes into account the climatic features of the regions. Criterion "industrial application" analyses the industrial application of the method. The criterion of "economic" takes into account the costs of water preparation, reagents, additional treatment facilities and the like. The criterion of "limitation" takes into account the limitation of the initial level of salt content of the cultivated water for desalination. The criterion of "temporal" takes into account the period of possible operation of desalination plants. The criterion of "electricity consumption" takes into account the energy consumption for desalination of sea water. Criterion of "ecological safety" takes into account the physicochemical properties of water after desalination. Based on these criteria, a choice of 12 alternatives was made. It was found out that the most suitable method of desalination in this region is vacuum distillation.