Ruthenium (II) polypyridyl metallosurfactant complexes: Synthesis, Interaction of CT-DNA and Antitumour study

Our aim was to synthesize two ruthenium(II) metallosurfactant complexes [Ru(BPIP)2(CA)Cl](ClO4) (1) and [Ru(BPIP)2(CA)2](ClO4)2(2) [(BPIP = 2-(40-benzyloxy-phenyl)imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline), CA = cetyl amine] and investigated its DNA binding and anticancer activity. The binding affinity of ruthenium(II) metallosurfactant complexes with CT- DNA has been investigated by spectroscopic and viscosity magnitudes. The cytotoxic nature invitro of the complexes towards HeLa cells, was adopted by MTT assay and apoptosis were examined by AO/EB and tryphan blue staining methods. The nucleic acid binding study elucidates that the complexes associate with CT-DNA through intercalation mode. The cytotoxic activity was greater for complex 2 with lower IC50 value than complex 1 which shows the impact in alkyl chain length and its hydrophobicity. The AO/EB and tryphan blue staining shows that both the complexes were found to distrupt the structural changes in cells at low concentration. The intercalation mode is due to the presence of extended aromaticity of ligands and elongated aliphatic chain in the complexes. The invitro anticancer inhibition study against HeLa cells showed that the complexes affected the viability of the cells significantly The cell changes in their peripheral membrane structures have intense effects on cell activity leading to apoptosis and necrosis.