Valorization of Caesalpinia coriaria Fruit Waste to Enhance the Ruminal Mitigation of Greenhouse Gases Production

The use of fruits waste from tanniniferous trees represents a new technology that aims to solve or mitigate greenhouse gases emission, and to increase the production of food of animal origin in an ecofriendly manner. This study aims to evaluate the production of methane and carbon dioxide, degradability by in vitro ruminal fermentation in goats diet supplemented with nuts ( Caesalpinia coriaria Jacq. Willd.) for adoption by livestock farmers. Condensed tannins (CT) of C. coriaria inclusion rates were 0 (CT0 or control, no CT), 1.5 (CT1.5), 3.0 (CT3), 4.5 (CT4.5) and 6.0% (CT6) of the total mixed ration. All CT treatments reduced (linear, quadratic and cubic; P = 0.001) CH 4 , CO 2 and H 2 gases, and had some increasing effect on total biogas production. However, CT3 reduced greenhouse gases and had the highest biogas production. Addition of tannins from cascalote fruit waste ( C. coriaria Jacq. Willd.) to goats diet at CT3 level reduced methane production, improved fermentation and ruminal degradability in vitro and has potential to be used as ecofriendly feed or feed additive. Graphic Abstract