Spatial Patterns of Land Surface Temperature in Jakarta and Its Surrounding Areas

Urban growth drastically changes the biophysical environment, including in the form of replacing the soil and natural vegetation with urban material, which causes urban areas to be warmer than the surrounding suburban and rural areas. This phenomenon which is commonly referred to as Urban Heat Island is regrettable because it increases energy consumption for the needs of air conditioners as well as thermally uncomfortable conditions for activities. This study aims to identify the phenomenon of Urban Heat Island in one of the largest metropolitan areas in the world, namely Jakarta, the capital of Indonesia, and the surrounding area. In this study, the UHI phenomenon was identified based on the spatial pattern of surface temperature obtained by processing the Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS remote sensing satellite image data. The results showed that the developed land has a higher temperature than the land with natural cover and land that is overgrown with plants, namely forests and agricultural land. The spatial pattern shows that land surface temperature decreases with increasing distance from the Capital City of Jakarta