Electophoretically Deposition of Ti3C2 on Titanium Surface for Hard Tissue Implant Applications

As a metallic biomaterial, titanium (Ti) exhibits excellent biocompatibility, but its osteoinductivity is limited. Therefore, to improve this property, an electrophoretic deposition (EPD) technique was used to coat the Ti surface with Ti3C2 MXene (Ti3C2), a new class of two-dimensional nanomaterial. Ti3C2 is known to have good biocompatibility and better osteoinductivity than graphene oxide. The coating layer was characterized by a particulate microstructure and exhibited X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy peaks corresponding to the Ti3C2 phase. In vitro cell tests using human mesenchymal stem cells confirmed that the cell attachment and proliferation on Ti3C2-coated Ti were similar to that of bare Ti, and that the osteoinductivity was significantly enhanced compared with bare Ti.