Innovative Coatings of Metallic Alloys Used as Bioactive Surfaces in Implantology: A Review

Metallic implants are widely used in the field of implantology, but there are still problems leading to implant failures due to weak osseointegration, low mechanical strength for the implant, inadequate antibacterial properties, and low patient satisfaction. Implant failure can be caused by bacterial infections and poor osteointegration. To improve the implant functionalization, many researchers focus on surface modifications to prepare the proper physical and chemical conditions able to increase biocompatibility and osteointegration between implant and bone. Improving the antibacterial performance is also a key factor to avoid the inflammation in the human body. This paper is a brief review for the types of coatings used to increase osseointegration and biocompatibility for the successful use of metal alloys in the field of implantology.