Potential associations between alterations in gut microbiome and obesity-related traits after the bariatric surgery

Bariatric surgery can provide weight loss through not only reducing dietary intake but also modifying metabolic control, hunger-satiety mechanisms and gut microbiome (1–4). Nutritional assessment including dietary intake and anthropometry was done, blood samples were taken for biochemical analysis, and faecal samples were collected for gut microbiome analysis at M0, M3 and M6. No correlation between the alterations in biochemical parameters and relative abundances of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes phyla was observed, however, decline in serum total and LDL cholesterol levels were negatively correlated with decrease in the relative abundance of Proteobacteria (r = −0.718, p = 0.013).