A review: Domestic wastewater management system in Indonesia

Increasing access to proper sanitation in urban areas in Indonesia has not been accompanied by the availability of a domestic wastewater disposal system that is safe for the environment. The existing domestic wastewater management system is felt to be unable to prevent pollution. Several studies have reported contamination of water bodies in several cities originating from domestic wastewater that has not been appropriately managed. This paper aims to discuss the developments of the domestic wastewater management system in Indonesia by exploring the current conditions and challenges. The service capacity and application of domestic wastewater treatment technology at wastewater treatment plants already operating in Indonesia will be discussed to find out the existing comparisons. Several regulations related to the domestic wastewater management system also be reviewed to find out the policy direction of pollution prevention efforts. From the conditions exposed, it is necessary to evaluate and adjust the existing concepts to the progress of developments in the field. More significant effort is needed to find solutions for problems and realize the domestic wastewater management system’s implementation to achieve the desired goals.