Decoding the Complex Free Radical Cascade by Using a DNA Framework‐Based Artificial DNA Encoder

DNA‐based molecular communications (DMC) are critical for regulating biological networks to maintain stable organismic functions. However, the complicated, time‐consuming information transmission process involved in genome‐coded DMC and the limited, vulnerable decoding activity generally lead to communication impairment or failure, in response to external stimuli. Herein, we present a conceptually innovative DMC strategy mediated by the DNA framework‐based artificial DNA encoder. With the free‐radical cascade as a proof‐of‐concept study, the artificial DNA encoder shows active sensing and real‐time actuation, in situ and broad free radical‐decoding efficacy, as well as robust resistance to environmental noise. It can also block undesirable short‐to‐medium‐range communications between free radicals and inflammatory networks, leading to a synergistic anti‐obesity effect. The artificial DNA encoder‐based DMC may be generalized to other communication systems for a variety of applications. A DNA framework‐based artificial DNA encoder for the complex free radical cascade was developed. Unlike time‐consuming and vulnerable genome‐encoded systems, it can actively sense and actuate information communications in real time, with enhanced environmental tolerance, broad decoding activities, and concurrent blocking of adverse communications between free radicals and inflammatory signaling, contributing to its anti‐obesity effects.