Qualitative assessment of groundwater for livestock and poultry watering: A case study of water wells in Hamdaniya district, Nineveh governorate, Iraq

During the study, a field survey was conducted for villages, fields and farms in the Hamdaniya area that use well water. Twenty wells were identified to collect water samples during the dry season to assess the physiochemical properties of the water, and a weighted mathematical model was applied to assess water quality for the purposes of watering livestock and poultry. The results indicated that the water quality index values fluctuated between (33.0 to 282) due to the different geological formations that the water passes through, as 45% of the water samples were from the Unfit category, 25% from the water category of poor quality, and the rest (30%) were from the good water category for watering livestock and poultry.