Enhanced energy storage properties in lead-free NaNbO3–Sr0.7Bi0.2TiO3–BaSnO3 ternary ceramic

The urgent requirement of environment-friendly materials with excellent energy storage performance for pulse power systems has sparked considerable research on lead-free ceramics. In this work, a new lead-free 0.90(0.80NaNbO 3 –0.20Sr 0.7 Bi 0.2 TiO 3 )–0.10BaSnO 3 ceramic with high recoverable energy storage density ( W r = 3.51 J/cm 3 ) and decent energy storage efficiency ( η = 70.85%) has been obtained. In particular, these ceramics exhibit an ultrahigh breakdown strength of 402 kV/cm due to the dense microstructure and small grain size. The impedance analysis also reveals that the incorporation of BaSnO 3 is conducive to the enhancement of insulation ability and breakdown strength. Additionally, great thermal stability (Δ W r