Biocompatibility of Hydroxyapatite (HAp) derived from clamshell as active ingredients in sunscreen product

Commercially, Avobenzone and Oxybenzone act as absorber of UVA and UVB while titanium dioxide (TiO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO) are the physical “blockers” of UV radiation in sunscreen formulation. These active ingredients are known to cause photo-allergic reactions, while others are suspected as estrogen disrupters. Due to this concern, hydroxyapatite (HAp) is derived from clam shell in order to replace Avobenzone and Oxybenzone as organic component in UV absorber. The HAp has arisen as potential candidates to replace synthetic chemicals in sunscreens due to its properties that contain calcium, phosphate, chitin and protein that gives a great result in absorbing UV light. HAp is added into emulsion of sunscreen lotion and analyzed using thermal, spectroscopy and skin analysis in order to determine the potential results. The use of this biomaterial namely HAp is an alternative for the safe, organic, less chemical and good cosmetic product.