Influence of microbiological preparations on the rate of decomposition of winter wheat straw and the productivity of sugar beet in the conditions of the Kursk region

The influence of the preparations Mycobact, Gumistim and Trichophyte on the microbiological activity of typical black earth, decomposition of winter wheat straw and the yield of the next crop of crop rotation - sugar beet was studied. It was found that the treatment of chopped straw after harvesting winter wheat with the preparation Gumistim at a dose of 5 l / ha for 90 days of exposure increased the microbiological activity of the soil (loss of linen tissue) to 62.9%, while the loss of linen tissue in the control variant was equal to 46.9%. The use of microbiological preparations Trichophyte at a dose of 7 l / ha and Mycobact at a dose of 3 l / ha as destructors contributed to an increase in the degree of decomposition of linseed linen to 68.1 and 75.3%, respectively. Straw treatment with microbiological preparations Gumistim at a dose of 5 l / ha, Trichophyte at a dose of 7 l / ha, Mycobact at a dose of 3 l / ha, as well as two-fold processing of sugar beet crops in the phase of closing leaves in rows and the phase of closing leaves in row spacing with these preparations contributed to an increase in the yield of sugar beet by 3.5-4.3 t / ha, increased the cost of gross production by 3500-4300 rubles, and given the low cost of the fertilizers themselves and the small rates of their application, it was economically profitable. The value of the conditionally net income from the use of microbiological preparations was 2040-2950 rubles / ha. The most cost-effective was the use of the microbiological preparation Mycobact.