Good Faith and Bad Health: Self-Assessed Religiosity and Self-Assessed Health of Women and Men in Europe

Religion exerts a powerful influence on many people's lives. We investigate how selfassessed religiosity affects self-assessed health in Europe. Our sample consists of individuals with a native father and an immigrant mother from another European country. This sample allows for a causal interpretation since we can use the religiosity of the mother's birth country as an instrument for individual religiosity in the first stage of a 2SLS regression analysis, which is related, in the second stage, to the individual's health assessment. We find that the more religious are substantially more likely to report bad health. Several robustness tests offer a strong confirmation of the negative relationship between selfassessed religiosity and self-assessed health. Notably, this negative relationship is concentrated among women. The analysis indicates that religious constraints on women's autonomy can impair their health.