Editorial

On October 31, 2008, a person who identified himself as Nakamoto released a paper “A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System”, on The Cryptography Mailing list at www.metzdowd.com, explaining a peer-to-peer version of electronic cash. Distributed ledger means that no single centralized authority, as known as a trusted third party (i.e. clearinghouse, escrow service, national registry, etc.) authenticates and executes transactions. [...]the APJIE Desk is very happy to announce that Professor Benjamin Yuan, National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan, and Professor Yuli Zhang, Dean of Business School, Nankai University, China, were invited to join the board of associate editors of the APJIE.