Ileal interposition improves metabolic syndrome parameters in a rat model of metabolic syndrome induced by monosodium glutamate

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities. Anatomically restructuring of the gastrointestinal system has recently been an important subject of research in the treatment of MetS and closely related diseases. The aim of this study is to ensure the remission of parameters that define MetS by ileal interposition (IT) and to examine the effect of IT on plasma total GLP-1 and pancreatic GLP-1R expression. To induce MetS, newborn male Wistar albino rats were given MSG (4 g/mg) on days 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10. The control group was injected with saline. In the 5th month, IT or sham surgery was performed on the MetS rats. The lipid levels, abdominal obesity, insulin level, OGTT, Lee index, HOMA-IR, plasma GLP-1 and pancreas GLP-1R expression were evaluated 2 months after surgery. The results showed that IT significantly improved hyperinsulinemia (p = 0.013) and lipid profile (TG p = 0.0001; TCHOL p = 0.018; HDL p = 0.001). Furthermore, it normalized the Lee index (p = 0.006) and insulin resistance. The IT did not affect the secretion of the GLP-1, but the expression levels of pancreas GLP-1R were increased (p = 0.006). IT surgery corrected the MetS parameters in this rat model. The healing effects of IT surgery could be caused by mechanisms in the target tissues of insulin. The decrease in pancreatic GLP-1R levels in the MetS groups might be a compensatory response to the harmful effects of hyperinsulinemia in these groups. These results show that IT can be useful in the treatment of MetS. •The metabolic syndrome includes a constellation of several well-established risk factors, which need to be aggressively treated in order to prevent overt type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.•Gastrointestinal metabolic surgery is becoming the most effective therapy for type 2 diabetes in obese patients and is used extensively nowadays.•The mechanisms of recovery of metabolic syndrome with ileal transposition as a metabolic surgical procedure are investigated.•IT surgery restored most of the metabolic parameters altered in rats with metabolic syndrome. In addition, pancreatic GLP-1R expression was significantly increased with IT surgery.•The return of decreased GLP-1R level to control values with metabolic surgery in metabolic syndrome may provide a new approach in the use of GLP-1 analogues in clinical practice.