Optimizing the Handling of Invasive Fungal Sinusitis Surgical Specimens

Abstract Introduction/Objective Invasive fungal sinusitis (IFS) is an aggressive disease characterized by invasion of fungal hyphae into tissue/neurovascular bundles. This project assessed the handling of IFS specimens and implemented protocols to improve turnaround time (TAT). Methods A retrospective review of cases accessioned with a clinical concern for IFS from 2014-2019 was performed. TAT for each step in the specimen processing was recorded. A flowchart was created using stakeholder interviews and a revised protocol was developed after assessing critical needs. Assessment of interventions was performed following implementation of the new protocol. The protocol will be evaluated by prospective direct case-by-case feedback and after a 6-month interval (projected August/2020). At 6-months, goals are a 24 hours median time between frozen section and sign-out and elimination of outliers (greater than 2 working days). Results We identified 53 specimens from 32 patients in the pre-intervention period (36 cases positive for IFS). Median time from frozen section to final sign-out was 28 (5-312) hours. Four areas for improvements were identified: (1) triaging specimens to different protocols according to arrival time, (2) optimized triaging for available histology processors, (3) standardized GMS ordering, and (4) standardized case delivery/communication with sign-out staff. Interventions include: protocol for processing specimens based on time of day, new histology protocols to expedite GMS performance, an email group for rapid communication with staff pathologists and histology, and a worksheet/checklist to track each case. After implementation of the protocol, 8 cases from 7 patients were received. Median time from frozen section to final sign-out was reduced to 20 (2 – 50) hours. Conclusion The protocol for handling IFS specimens became live on 2/1/2020. It has reduced TAT of suspected IFS cases, from a median of 28 hours to 20 hours. The longest interval to sign-out went from312 hours to 50 hours.