Comprehensive health evaluation of an urban wetland using quality indices and decision trees

In a world where pristine water is becoming scarcer, the need to reuse water becomes imperative. In this context explaining the water quality, purpose fitness and the parameters or conditions of the water body to adjust so as to improve its quality, are of great relevance. The goal of the present study was the use of water, riverine, and biodiversity quality indices to assess the condition of the studied urban wetland, since no single index can provide a complete health assessment of a water body. Decision trees were also used to elucidate the best water parameters to mend in order to recover the overall health of the urban wetland. The decision trees identified relevant physicochemical parameters as well as their approximate concentration at which a healthy water environment can be sustained for zooplankton and proved to be a powerful and simple alternative to customary approaches. Suspended particles and phosphates proved to be important parameters with concentrations approximately lower than 88 mg L −1 and 11 mg L −1 , respectively, for a good biodiversity index of zooplankton. Ammonia, total coliforms, BOD, nitrates, and sodium were the main parameters that affected the water quality index. The vegetation coverage and its structure were the driving factors in the riverine quality index of the wetland.