The Convergence Space Experiment: Remote Determination of the Sea Surface Temperature via Radio Measurements at Frequencies of 10.65, 18.7, and 36.5 GHz

A regression approach is presented for the problem of restoring the sea surface temperature (SST) from radiometric measurements of a microwave radiometer–spectrometer (MIRS) in the Convergence Space Experiment at frequencies of 10.65, 18.7, and 36.5 GHz. A feature of the proposed regression approach is the use of a limited set of frequencies (10.65, 18.7, and 36.5 GHz) with vertical and horizontal polarization at each one. The selection of a regression relationship with quadratic terms is validated. The problem of restoring the SST based on true space-based measurements using the WindSat instrument is modeled and compared to reanalysis. Estimates of the accuracy of determining the SST show that an error of around 1 K can be achieved, which is confirmed by theoretical calculations of measuring errors.