Entropy generation in electrical magnetohydrodynamic flow of Al2O3–Cu/H2O hybrid nanofluid with non-uniform heat flux

This paper explores the influence of entropy production on MHD hybrid nanofluid (Al 2 O 3 –Cu/H 2 O) flow due to permeable stretching sheet with variable heat flux in the existence of electric field. The partial differential equations are converted into ordinary differential equations by using appropriate transformations. The obtained dimensionless model is then numerically solved with the help of Adams–Bashforth method. The velocity, temperature and entropy generation are obtained under the influence of various emerging quantities examined. It is concluded that existence of magnetic field and suction decelerates the motion of fluid, whereas it magnifies for greater values of an electric field which tends to resolve sticky effects. Furthermore, friction factor and heat transfer rate have been evaluated through tables and bar charts. Under some specific conditions, the present results are matched with the available results to check the accuracy and validity of the present study and we have observed a good agreement with it.