Naturelike Materials and Structures in Mechanical Engineering

A classification of naturelike materials and structures used in mechanical engineering is proposed. Naturelike structures, in accordance with the principle of shaping, are subdivided into mesh, honeycomb, and folded. Materials are classified in terms of the type of active component, according to which they are divided into five groups: gradient, encapsulated, gas-filled, containing a liquid matrix, and containing a biologically active component. For each group of naturelike structures and materials, the stages of life cycles are identified at which their naturelike effect is manifested.