Development of a Graphite-Based Nanostructured Nickel Telluride (n-NiTe/GP) Electrode for Electrochemical Detection of Antiplatelet Agent Clopidogrel

The present work illuminates the synthesis and electrochemical characterization of nano-structured semi-metallic chalcogenide nickel telluride (n-NiTe) based graphite paste (GP) electrode as low- cost, selective, and sensitive sensing platform for the analysis of Clopidogrel (CLO), an important anticoagulant agent. By using the reducing agent, sodium borohydride, NiTe nanocrystallites were synthesized from homogeneous reaction mixtures of tartrate complex of Ni 2+ and Te 4+ at room temperature. The material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction.In this work, the analytical parameters were optimized to carry out cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry. Under optimized condition (0.1M phthalate buffer, pH-5) the electrode exhibited pretty good sensitivity in two linear ranges: 0.5- 10~\mu \text{M} , and 20- 200~\mu \text{M} with a lower detection limit of 340 nM. Also, the n-NiTe/GP electrode was employed to determine CLOin pharmaceutical samples and the results showed recoveries more than 90.40%.