Localization of Sources Generating the EEG α Rhythm during Observation, Performance, and Imitation of Operant Movements in Subjects with Different Intelligence Levels

Use of the sLORETA method in 62 adult subjects with different intelligence levels located sources generating rhythms in the frequency band 8–12 Hz during observation, performance, and imitation of circular movements with a computer mouse by the experimenter. A relationship between the level of intelligence and differences in the spatial patterns of cerebral cortex activation during performance and imitation of movements was seen. More marked and localized activation of neocortical structures was seen in adult subjects with high levels of general intelligence. Differences in the activation of cortical areas in groups with different general intelligence levels were largely mediated by structures in the right hemisphere, which is involved in processes of visuomotor coordination and the discrimination of own from others’ actions. The greater involvement of the precentral, cingulate, and postcentral gyri of the left hemisphere in the process of imitating the experimenter’s movements in the group with high intelligence may point to a higher level of activation of the mirror system of the brain.