From TAM to AVRTS: development and validation of the attitudes toward Virtual Reality Technology Scale

To address a deficiency of scales measuring attitudes toward virtual reality technology, the Attitudes toward Virtual Reality Technology Scale (AVRTS) was developed following a three-step procedure. Items were generated based on literature and in a focus group pilot study ( n = 20). Using factor analysis with maximum likelihood extraction and direct oblimin rotation, the initial scale was created after administration of these items ( n = 314) and further refined after a second survey ( n = 473). In the final solution, a total of 22 items clustered into a three-factor solution with the factors being “ease of use” (alpha = .858), “usefulness” (alpha = .857), and “enjoyment” (alpha = .919) and overall reliability of .910. Construct validity was established by correlating the AVRTS with the Technology Readiness Index and an access barrier scale, and internal validity was established by correlating the scale with its sub-scales.