Environmental and Toxicological Assessment of the Quality of Water in the Lake Bienda-Stemme (Western Spitsbergen)

A classification of water quality in terms of combined risks is proposed. To classify the quality of waters according to their pollution levels, the broken rod model was used. The developed approach was applied for the assessment of the year-to-year variability of the Lake Bienda-Stemme Lake (West Svalbard) pollution. The results of environmental and toxicological assessment of the pollution dynamics (nitrites, nitrates, ammonium, iron, manganese, zinc, copper, oil products) of the lake in April–May 2003–2019 are presented. It was established that the quality of water in the Lake Bienda-Stemme varied from satisfactory in 2009 and 2017 to very good. On average, the water quality in the lake in spring over the period 2003–2019 was characterized as good.